| Gennady Nikolayevich Troshev Геннадий Николаевич Трошев |
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|---|---|
Mykola Mazepa and Gennadiy Troshev |
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| Born | March 14, 1947 Grozny, USSR |
| Died | September 14, 2008 (aged 61) Perm, Russia |
| Allegiance | Russia |
| Years of service | 1969-2002 |
| Rank | Colonel General |
| Unit | 58th Army North Caucasus Military District |
| Battles/wars | First Chechen War Invasion of Dagestan (1999) Second Chechen War |
| Awards | Hero of Russia |
| Other work | Advisor to the President of the Russian Federation for Cossacks affairs |
Gennady Nikolayevich Troshev (Russian: Геннадий Николаевич Трошев) (March 14, 1947– September 14, 2008) was a Russian Colonel General in the Russian military and formerly the commander of the North Caucasus Military District, including Chechnya, during the Second Chechen War. He was awarded a Hero of Russia award.
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Gennady Troshev was born in 1947 in the eastern part of Berlin, in the Soviet occupation zone,[1] the son of a Soviet officer. He spent his childhood in the ethnic Russian community of the Chechen-Ingush Republic's capital Grozny.[2]
In 1969 he graduated from the Kazan Tank College, and later from the Tank Academy and from the Military Academy of the General Staff. After graduating from the tank college in 1969, Troshev served in Soviet tank forces. Troshev served as the commander of the 10th Guards Uralsko-Lvovskaya Tank Division, later - as the commander of the 42nd Army Corps. and as the commander of the joint group of federal forces in Chechnya during the First Chechen War. On June 1, 1995, Troshev was appointed commander of the 58th Army, and since July 29, 1997, he served as the deputy commander of the North Caucasus Military District. In April 2000 Troshev was appointed the commander of the joint group of federal forces in the Northern Caucasus.[3]
During his career as a commander in Chechnya he gained notoriety after advocating public executions of separatist fighters.[4][5] Human rights activists had accused him of tolerating rampant abuses in the war-ravaged republic.[6] Early in the war he declared that the shattered city of Grozny should never be rebuilt so as to serve as a warning against "treason to Russia's ethnic minorities".[2] He also publicly defended Yuri Budanov, who was on trial for the rape and murder of an 18-year-old Chechen woman, Elza Kungayeva.[7]
He publicly defied, on national television, Minister of Defense Sergi Ivanov's suggestion that Troshev should relocate from Chechnya (the North Caucasus Military District) to the command of the Siberian Military District. Due to this act, President Vladimir Putin signed a decree dismissing Troshev from his post in 2002.[8]
The Jamestown Foundation, a U.S. policy research organisation that studies Russian military affairs, said Ivanov's order that Troshev relocate to Siberia was "open to multiple and complex interpretations. One theory connects it to a broader reshuffling of personnel as major elections approach in Chechnya (and perhaps in response to the Moscow theater hostage crisis). A second explanation ties it to the stalled process of military-administrative reform."[9]
After his sacking, Troshev was appointed an advisor to the President of the Russian Federation for Cossacks affairs.[10]
Troshev died on September 14, 2008. He was a passenger aboard Aeroflot Flight 821, which crashed and left no survivors. Russian officials have dismissed public suspicions that the plane might have been sabotaged.[11]
One week after Troshev's death, the President of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov renamed Krasnoznamennaya Street in Grozny after Troshev.[12]
| Order of War Merit | |
| Order of Friendship of Peoples | |
| Order for Service to the Homeland in the Armed Forces | |
| 300th Anniversary of the Russian Fleet | |
| 100th Anniversary of Marshal Zhukov's Birth | |
| 100th Anniversary of Vladimir Lenin's Birth | |
| Soviet Military Veteran | |
| 50th Anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces | |
| 60th Anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces | |
| 70th Anniversary of the Soviet Armed Forces | |
| For military valor 1st Class (Ministry of Defence) | |
| For strengthening of brotherhood of arms | |
| For valor, silver (Ministry of Justice of Russia) | |
| For Fighting Commonwealth (Ministry of Internal Affairs) | |
| For Fighting Commonwealth (Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation) | |
| For Participation in Counter-Terrorist Operation | |
| Soviet 20 Years of Military Service | |
| Soviet 15 Years of Military Service | |
| Soviet 10 Years of Military Service |
| Notable events | General conflict | Federals | Separatists |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Wars Notable battles Hostage crises |
Second Chechen War |
Combatants:
Key leaders : |
Combatants: Key leaders: |